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The highest doctoral degree or doctorate conferred for research in a particular field is a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy). The PhD programme lasts three to five years. A master's degree or an MPhil with a minimum cumulative score of 55% is required for a PhD. PhD entrance tests are used to determine admission. The leading PhD entrance exams include NPAT, CSIR UGC NET, UGC NET, and IIT JAM. A applicant must have a valid GATE score if they want to pursue a PhD in engineering or technology. The twice-yearly national level PhD entry exam is called the CSIR UGC NET. The CSIR UGC NET exam 2025 registration period will soon open, and the exam is slated to take place in September. Visit sikshapedia.com for more information.
| Full Form of Doctorate Courses | PhD Admission | PhD Specializations |
In India, there are several PhD Scholarships offered to aid students in pursuing their degrees. Students can select from a wide variety of PhD Jobs after receiving their degrees, and they can make an average salary of INR 6–9 lakhs annually. Check: How to Become a Professor
| PhD Full Form | Doctor of Philosophy |
| PhD Duration | 4-6 Years |
| PhD Degree Requirements | Coursework, Presentation, Submission of Progress Reports, Thesis |
| PhD Admission | Entrance Exams/Direct Admission |
| PhD Specializations | PhD Physics, PhD Computer Science, Phd Psychology, PhD History, PhD in Business Administration, PhD Engineering, Phd Economics, PhD Nursing |
| Online PhD Program | IGNOU, IISc Bangalore, Dr. BR Ambedkar Open University Hyderabad, Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University |
| Fully Funded PhD Programs | Students need to clear UGC NET exam to get funded by the government |
| Top PhD Colleges | IITs, IISc, Jadavpur University, Delhi University, JNU |
Visit sikshapedia.com for more information.
A PhD, or doctor of philosophy, deals with in-depth study on a particular subject. There are three models for PhD programmes: full-time, part-time, and online. The average PhD programme lasts three years, but it can take up to five or six years, depending on the subject.
Doctor of Philosophy, or PhD, is its full name. Philosophiae Doctor is the Latin phrase from which the abbreviation PhD is derived. The word philosophy has little to do with the subject of philosophy. The word philosophy, which is used in PhD, is a Greek word that means "lover of wisdom."
PhD Full Form – Doctor of Philosophy
| Particulars | PhD | Doctorate |
|---|---|---|
| Objective | The main goal is to make advancements in the field while constructing new knowledge and theories. | The main goal is to advance the field by applying an existing body of knowledge, research and theory. |
| Result | Students focus on securing a high academic position and conducting theoretical research. | The focus is to practice in the field and advance to leadership positions or teaching in higher education institutions |
| Degree Requirements | Masters Degree | Master’s Degree |
| Student Focus | Students seek theoretical Research Experience | Students seek to solve practical problems in a particular field. |
The process or requirements for obtaining a PhD are known as the PhD Degree Requirements. Various nations have varied laws on this. The UGC's guidelines are followed by PhD students in India.
Coursework completion, the presentation of a research proposal or synopsis, the submission of progress reports, the delivery of a pre-submission presentation, and the oral defence of the thesis are all prerequisites for the PhD degree.
Also See: PhD Syllabus
Also See:
| How to become an Associate professor? | How to become a professor? |
Several universities must be enrolled in order to be admitted for a PhD. The outcomes of either national level or university level admission tests are accepted by universities. The CSIR UGC NET, UGC NET, IIT JAM, and NPAT are the top Ph.D. entry exams. A applicant must have a valid GATE score if they want to pursue a PhD in engineering or technology. According to current UGC guidelines, students who get a four-year UG degree will be permitted to apply directly to pursue a PhD degree in their preferred field of study.
The National Eligibility Test is administered by the National Educational Testing Bureau of the UGC to evaluate whether Indian citizens are qualified to serve as assistant professors, junior research fellows, and research professors in Indian universities and colleges.
In order to evaluate whether Indian citizens are eligible for Junior Research Fellowships and Lectureships/Assistant Professorships in Indian institutions and colleges, the CSIR UGC NET test is being administered.
| Entrance Exam | Registration Date | Exam Date |
|---|---|---|
| CSIR UGC NET | To be announced | September 2025 |
| UGC NET | April – May , 2025 | July – July , 2025, and August – August , 2025 |
| IIT JAM | September , 2025 – October , 2025 | February , 2025 |
| GPAT | February – March , 2025 | April , 2025 |
| VITMEE | March – May , 2025 | June and June , 2025 |
There are 3 basic types of PhD Programmes in India. They include full time PhD, Part time PhD and Online PhD.
A doctor of philosophy is a degree that can be obtained by extensive study and research over the course of around four years. The prospects for a job are greatly boosted after completing an online PhD. A PhD degree may be a necessary certification for students or professionals interested in leadership, academia, consulting, research, and entrepreneurship.
Learn More: Online PhD Programmes
| College Name | Course Name | Duration | Fees |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manipal GlobalNXT University | Ph.D. in Education | 36 Months | USD 4000/Year |
| UNICAF - Cours en français | Ph.D. Business Administration | - | - |
| University of Stirling, UK | Ph.D. in Applied Social Research | 36-96 Months | - |
| Manipal Academy of Higher Education Dubai | Ph.D. in Education | 3 Years | USD 6150 |
| Liberty University, USA | Ph.D Strategic Leadership | 30 Months | USD 595 |
| Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation (APU) | Ph.D in Management | 3-4 Years | USD 11,250 |
| Institute of Lutheran Theology, USA | Ph.D. | 4-6 Years | USD 700 |
| IGNOU, New Delhi | Ph.D. | 4-5 Years | INR 16,800 |
| Indian Institute of Science Bangalore | Integrated Ph.D. | 7 Years | INR 16,000 |
| Dr. B. R Ambedkar Open University, Hyderabad | Ph.D. | 3 Years | INR 16,000 |
Students who want financial support for their doctoral studies must pass the NET exam. Regardless of the university, passing the NET Exam ensures a stipend from the Government of India. After passing NEET, the student receives INR 31,000 from the Central Government. Check: PhD Fellowships
Following are some of the best PhD scholarships in India that aid students in completing their doctoral studies:
| Scholarship Name | Institution |
|---|---|
| Prime Minister’s Research Fellowship (PMRF) | MHRD, Government of India |
| CSIR-UGC JRF Fellowship | Government of India |
| DBT-JRF Fellowship | Government of India |
| FITM – AYUSH Research Fellowships Scheme | Forum on Indian Traditional Medicine (FITM) and Ministry of Ayush |
| SAARC Agricultural PhD Scholarships | SAAR Agricultural Centre |
| Swami Vivekananda Single Child Scholarship for Research in Social Science | UGC |
| ESSO-NCESS Junior Research Fellowship | ESSO- National Centre for Earth Science Studies |
| Vision India Foundation (VIF) Fellowship | Vision India Foundation (VIF) |
| Burning Questions Fellowship Awards | Tiny Beam Fund |
| Google PhD Scholarships | |
| Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund Scholarships | Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund |
| ICHR Junior Research Fellowships (JRF) | Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR) |
Students have the option of pursuing their preferred Doctor of Philosophy programme. Doctor of Philosophy degrees are offered in a variety of fields and disciplines. The following list includes all of the disciplines that are offered for doctoral study in each of the three streams. See: PhD Courses List
The Science stream offers a variety of PhD programmes, including PhDs in Chemistry, Clinical Research, Science, Bioscience, Biotechnology, Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Environmental Science and Engineering, and more.
| PhD Chemistry | PhD Physics |
| PhD Mathematics | PhD Biotechnology |
| PhD Zoology | PhD Botany |
| PhD Computer Science | PhD Microbiology |
| PhD Biochemistry | PhD Environmental Science |
| PhD Geology | PhD Home Science |
| PhD Life Science | PhD Humanities |
| PhD electronics | PhD Anthropology |
| PhD Yoga | PhD Applied Chemistry |
| PhD Applied Mathematics | PhD animal Nutrition |
Students are free to do independent research as part of this research-based course. This course covers the entire Arts stream as well as all of its subfields, such as History, English Literature, Political Science, etc.
| PhD English | PhD Economics |
| PhD History | PhD hindi |
| PhD sociology | PhD Political science |
| PhD Psychology | PhD Geography |
| PhD Tamil | PhD Sanskrit |
| PhD Library and Information Science | PhD Social Work |
| PhD Philosophy | PhD Humanities and social Science |
| PhD Music | PhD Urdu |
| PhD Public Administration | PhD Social Sciences |
| PhD in Arts | PhD in fine Arts |
The major medical fields of neurology, epidemiology, genetics, and other clinical and non-clinical streams are all covered in Ph. D. courses in the medical stream. MD Biochemistry, MD Forensic Medicine, MD Anesthesiology, MD Pulmonary Medicine, PhD Physiology, MD Skin and VD, etc. are among the PhD programmes offered in the medical fields.
| MD Biochemistry | MD Forensic Medicine |
| MD anesthesiology | MD Pulmonary Medicine |
| PhD Physiology | MD Skin and VD |
| PhD Pathology | MD TB and Chest |
| MD Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation | PhD Medicine |
| MD Homoeopathic Organon of Medicine | PhD Radiology |
| MD Homeopathy | PhD Psychiatry |
| PhD Hospital Management | PhD Cardiology |
| MD Cardiology | MD Neurology |
| PhD Immunology | PhD Neuroscience |
After completing their B.Tech., candidates can apply for PhD programmes in engineering. A candidate can begin working as a project manager, electrical engineer, application engineer, research engineer, etc. after completing a PhD programme in engineering at organisations like Dell, Wipro, ABB, and DRDO.
| PhD in Mechanical Engineering | PhD in Computer Science and Engineering |
| PhD in Civil Engineering | PhD in Electrical Engineering |
| PhD in Electronics and Communication Engineering | PhD in Electrical and Electronics Engineering |
| PhD in Information Technology | PhD in Chemical Engineering |
| PhD in Electronics and Telecommunication | PhD in Bioinformatics |
| PhD in Computer Engineering | PhD in Electronics Engineering |
| PhD in Food Technology | PhD in Biomedical Engineering |
| PhD in Nanotechnology | PhD in Environmental Engineering |
| PhD in Geotechnical Engineering | PhD in Petroleum Engineering |
| PhD in Software Engineering | M.Phil in Mechanical Engineering |
Accounting, Decision sciences (decision theory and decision analysis), Economics, Entrepreneurship, Ethics and legal studies, Finance, and Health Care Management are popular areas of concentration for management PhDs.
| PhD in Management Studies | PhD in Marketing |
| PhD in Business Administration | PhD in Finance |
| PhD in HR Management | PhD in Business Management |
| PhD in Operation Management | Fellow Program in Management |
| M.Phil in Management Studies | M.Phil in Management |
Pharm.D, PhD in Pharmacy, PhD in Pharmaceutical Sciences, PhD in Pharmacology, PhD in Pharmaceutics, PhD in Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PhD in Medicinal Chemistry, etc. are some of the PhD programmes offered in the Pharmacy stream. Following completion of a PhD in pharmacy, a variety of positions are open, including those in clinical research, clinical trials, regulatory affairs, drug safety, commercial development, and medical affairs.
| Pharm.D | PhD in Pharmacy |
| PhD in Pharmaceutical Sciences | PhD in Pharmacology |
| PhD in Pharmaceutics | PhD in Pharmaceutical Chemistry |
| PhD in Medicinal Chemistry | M.Phil in Pharmaceutics |
PhD in Commerce, PhD in Statistics, PhD in Commerce and Management, PhD in Accountancy, PhD in Business Economics, PhD in Banking and Finance, and M.Phil in Commerce are courses connected to PhD commerce streams. Work chances exist in government finance sectors like Reserve Bank of India and State Bank of India as an E-Commerce Executive, Accounts Executive, Consultant, etc.
| PhD in Commerce | PhD in Statistics |
| PhD in Commerce and Management | PhD in Accountancy |
| PhD in Business Economics | PhD in Banking and Finance |
| M.Phil in Commerce | - |
The agriculture stream of doctoral programmes offers programmes including PhDs in agriculture, agronomy, genetics and plant breeding, horticulture, and agricultural economics. Plant pathology PhD. Candidates for the PhD in Agriculture will learn how to grow food, fibre, and fuel.
| PhD in Agriculture | PhD in Agronomy |
| PhD in Genetics and Plant Breeding | PhD in Horticulture |
| PhD in Agricultural Economics | PhD in Plant Pathology |
Doctor of Law (LL.D.), PhD in Legal Studies, and M.Phil in Law are all PhD programmes linked to law. The PhD in Law programme offers a wide range of options for students to select from. Attorney, Deputy Program Manager, Administrative Coordinator, Legal Manager, Legal Counsel, Legal Consultant, and Legal Affairs Manager are intriguing job profiles that draw PhD in Law graduates.
| PhD in Law | Doctor of Law (LL.D.) |
| PhD in Legal Studies | M.Phil in Law |
Visit sikshapedia.com for more information.
| QS India University Rankings 2025 | College Name | Fees (INR) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB) | 58,200 |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Science | 35,200 |
| 3 | Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD) | 42,900 |
| 4 | Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM) | 19,670 |
| 5 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT-KGP) | 50,000 |
| 6 | Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK) | 64,050 |
| 7 | University of Delhi | - |
| 8 | University of Hyderabad | 8,980 |
| 9 | Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR) | 28,500 |
| 10 | Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG) | 18,150 |
| College Name | Fees (INR) |
|---|---|
| JNU | 1391 |
| DIPSAR | 30,385 |
| NIT Durgapur | 64,100 |
| Jai Narayan Vyas University | 10,000 |
| BHU | 10,000 |
| Jamia Millia Islamia | 15,000 |
| Aligarh Muslim University | 10,000 |
| Calcutta University | 14,000 |
| Jadavpur University | 12,000 |
| Institute of Advanced Study in Education | 3,116 |
| College Name | Fees (INR) |
|---|---|
| VIT | 53,000 |
| Bombay College of Pharmacy | 1,50,850 |
| Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education | 25,000 |
| IFHE Hyderabad | 1,20,000 |
| IIIT-B | 1,07,000 |
| Manipal Academy of Higher Education | 59,000 |
| PRIST University | 30,000 |
| DA-IICT | 65,000 |
| JRNRVU | 30,000 |
| BVIMSR | 75,000 |
| College Name | Fees (INR) |
|---|---|
| Bombay College of Pharmacy | 1,50,850 |
| VJTI | 81,500 |
| Jai Hind College | 23,377 |
| RICS SBE | 2,50,000 |
| Marine Engineering and Research Institute | 40,000 |
| Dr Ambedkar College of Commerce and Economics | 14,920 |
| JRNRVU | 30,000 |
| PRIST University | 30,000 |
| DA-IICT | 65,000 |
| BVIMSR | 75,000 |
| College Name | Fees (INR) |
|---|---|
| Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education | 25,000 |
| Anna University | 14,900 |
| Sri Ramachandra Medical College | 25,000 |
| IRS | 14,900 |
| JRNRVU | 30,000 |
| College Name | Fees (INR) |
|---|---|
| IIIT-B | 1,07,000 |
| BBBC&S | 56,000 |
| South Asia Institute of Advanced Christian Studies | 36,000 |
| BMS School of Architecture | 25,000 |
| The University of Trans-disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology | 35,000 |
| College Name | Fees (INR) |
|---|---|
| IIT-Delhi | 1,91,000 |
| National Law University | 1,18,000 |
| Faculty of Management Studies | 52,400 |
| IIFT | 4,00,000 |
| DIPSAR | 20,500 |
| NSIT | 1,71,000 |
| NIT Delhi | 1,10,000 |
| Jamia Hamdard | 1,28,000 |
| USICT | 3,00,000 |
| JIMS | 80,000 |
| College Name | Fees (INR) |
|---|---|
| University of Calcutta | 25,000 |
| Jadavpur University | 24,000 |
| Techno India University | 65,000 |
| Adamas University | 2,14,000 |
| Presidency University | 2,24,000 |
| Aliah University | 1,68,000 |
| JIS University | 4,50,000 |
| Amity University | 5,30,000 |
| Rabindra Bharati University | 70,000 |
| Kalyani University | 53,000 |
The top universities in India offer the country's top doctor of philosophy programmes. IITs provide excellent opportunities for scientific and technical research. Visit sikshapedia.com for more information.
The minimum necessary for applying is 60% overall in the master's degree, and the candidate is chosen based on their performance on the GATE, CEED, and UGC-NET exams. A GATE score of at least 660 must be legitimate. A PhD costs INR 1.83 lakh in total.
Candidates must have a master's degree and pass one of the following exams at IIT Bombay: CEED, GATE, or UGC-NET. Browse the specialities and costs for PhD programmes at IIT Bombay in the table below.
| Specializations | Average Fees |
|---|---|
| Financial Studies | INR 58,200 |
| Economics | |
| Intellectual Property Rights Law | |
| Computer Science and Engineering | |
| Design | |
| Biotechnology | |
| Physics | |
| Chemistry | |
| Mathematics | |
| Civil Engineering | |
| Technology and Development | |
| Technology Management | |
| Strategy | |
| Climate Studies | |
| Educational Technology | |
| Operations Management | |
| Energy Science and Engineering | |
| International Business | |
| Industrial Engineering | |
| Regulatory and Policy Studies | |
| HR Management | |
| Nano Science and Technology | |
| Aerospace Engineering | |
| Chemical Engineering | |
| Material Science | |
| Earth Science | |
| Quantitative Techniques | |
| Marketing | |
| Information Technology | |
| Instrumentation and Control | |
| Electrical Engineering | |
| Urban Engineering | |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
| Environmental Science and Engineering | |
| Natural Resources |
The candidate must hold a Master's degree by research in engineering or technology from a centrally funded technical institute with a solid academic record, or a 5-year dual degree in engineering or 5-year BS+MS dual degree from the same institution.GATE scores are not required for applicants with undergraduate degrees from CFTIs.
| Specializations | Average Fees |
|---|---|
| Computer Science | INR 19,670 |
| Biotechnology | |
| Science and Humanities | |
| Mathematics | |
| Management Studies | |
| Physics | |
| Chemical Engineering | |
| Biomedical Sciences | |
| Engineering Design | |
| Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering | |
| Management | |
| Chemistry | |
| Civil Engineering | |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
| Electrical Engineering | |
| Climate and Ocean Science | |
| Applied Mathematics | |
| Fluid Mechanics | |
| Aerospace Engineering | |
| Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science |
Candidates must submit an online application via their official website. A selection committee interviews candidates who have applied for admission to PhD programmes, and the mere submission of an application does not guarantee acceptance into the programme. A master's degree in the relevant department of engineering or technology and a GATE certificate are the minimal educational requirements.
| Specializations | Annual Average Fees |
|---|---|
| Psychology | INR 78,800 |
| Economics | |
| Physics | |
| Chemistry | |
| English | |
| Computer Science and Engineering | |
| Materials Engineering | |
| Mathematics | |
| Electrical Engineering | |
| Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering | |
| Philosophy | |
| Astronomy | |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
| Sociology | |
| Material Science |
Minimum 55% grades or 6.0 CGPA (on a 10-point scale) in a Master's degree in a relevant field are required for admission to the IIT Bhubaneswar Ph.D. programme. For all other exams with a valid GATE result, a provisional certificate or a minimum of 60% marks or 6.5 CGPA (on a 10-point scale) are required. The applicant must be qualified for the UGC-NET (JRF and LS).
See: IIT Bhubaneswar PhD
| Specializations | Annual Average Fees |
|---|---|
| Psychology | INR 43,568 |
| English | |
| Electrical Engineering | |
| Mathematics | |
| Bio-Sciences | |
| Computer Science | |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
| Civil Engineering | |
| Electronics and Communication Engineering | |
| Physics | |
| Chemistry | |
| Geological Sciences | |
| Earth Science | |
| Metallurgical and Materials Engineering | |
| Climate and Ocean Science |
M Sc or an equivalent degree in Physical Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, or Chemical Sciences, BE/ B Tech or an equivalent degree in any subject, or graduates of 4-year Bachelor of Science programmes, is the minimum requirement for IISC Bangalore's PhD Science programme. Without the need for any additional National Entrance Tests, graduates of any degree with a minimum four-year duration and a minimum CGPA of 8.0 are qualified to apply to the normal Ph. D. programme.
| Specializations | Average Fees |
|---|---|
| Ecological Sciences | INR 31,000 to INR 35,000 |
| Biochemistry | |
| Molecular Reproduction; Development and Genetics | |
| Microbiology and Cell Biology | |
| Neuroscience | |
| Molecular Biophysics | |
| Materials Research | |
| Inorganic and Physical Chemistry | |
| Organic Chemistry | |
| Mathematics | |
| Astronomy and Astrophysics | |
| Solid State and Structural Chemistry | |
| Physics | |
| High Energy Physics | |
| Electrical Engineering | |
| Computer Science and Automation | |
| Electronic Systems Engineering | |
| Electrical Communication Engineering | |
| Computational Data Sciences | |
| Aerospace Engineering | |
| Nanoscience and Engineering | |
| Chemical Engineering | |
| Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences | |
| Civil Engineering | |
| Earth Sciences | |
| Materials Engineering | |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
| Centre for Product Design and Manufacturing | |
| Sustainable Technology | |
| Instrumentation and Applied Physics | |
| Management Studies | |
| Energy | |
| Biosystems Science and Engineering | |
| Mathematical Sciences | |
| Water Research | |
| Nanoscience and Engineering | |
| Climate Change | |
| Cyber Physical Systems | |
| Brain and Artificial Intelligence |
A Masters degree is required for entrance to the Ph.D. programme in engineering departments. With a good GATE score, candidates can apply for a direct PhD after earning a B. Tech. or B. E. Students are accepted into the PhD programme at IITH twice a year. For the first two years and the next three years, the institute offers a monthly stipend of INR 31,000 and INR 35,000, respectively.
| Specializations | Annual Average Fees |
|---|---|
| Biotechnology | INR 25,095 |
| Civil Engineering | |
| Computer Science and Engineering | |
| Mathematics | |
| Liberal Arts | |
| Biomedical Engineering | |
| Electrical Engineering | |
| Physics | |
| Chemistry | |
| Chemical Engineering | |
| Design | |
| Entrepreneurship | |
| Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science |
Both online and offline applications are accepted for the VTU Ph.D. programme. The needed 6.5 CGPA is the minimal requirement for eligibility. Selection will be based on prior performance and work history. The program's admission is merit-based. Karnataka state candidates must pay a yearly fee of INR 7,970 while those from other states must pay INR 19,470. See: PhD in VTU
| Specialization | Annual Average Fees |
|---|---|
| Civil Engineering | INR 74,100 |
| Biotechnology | |
| Architecture | |
| Computer Science and Engineering | |
| Electrical Engineering | |
| Nano-technology | |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
| Research Methodology | |
| Physics | |
| Chemistry | |
| Physical Education | |
| Mathematics | |
| Chemical Engineering | |
| Library and Information Science | |
| Textile Technology | |
| Polymer Science and Technology |
The results of the entrance exam administered by the university and the performance in the interview are used to determine admission. Candidates who have passed the CSIR NET, UGC NET, SLET, KSET, GATE, JRF, or have an M.S. degree from an approved institution are eligible to take the test if they receive at least 50% of the possible points out of 100. Phil. degree are not required to take the Ph. D. entrance exam.
| Specializations | Total Course Fees |
|---|---|
| Commerce | INR 44,000 |
| English | |
| Sericulture | |
| Computer Science and Engineering | |
| Management Studies | |
| Foreign Language | |
| Geology | |
| Electronic Science | |
| Applied Genetics | |
| Rural Development | |
| Botany | |
| Law | |
| Kannada | |
| Home Science | |
| Life Science | |
| Sociology | |
| Speech and Hearing | |
| Microbiology | |
| Geography | |
| Sanskrit | |
| Physical Education | |
| Communication System | |
| Electrical Engineering | |
| History | |
| Chemistry | |
| Education | |
| Biological Sciences | |
| Economics | |
| Biochemistry | |
| Environmental Science | |
| Computer Science | |
| Hindi |
Two times a year, in January and July, Amity University accepts applications for admission to its Ph. D. programmes. The admission application must only be completed and submitted online. A Master's or M.Phil degree in the relevant discipline with a minimum GPA of 55% is necessary for admission to a Ph.D. programme from any authorised Indian or foreign university. According to the PhD Guidelines of the UGC, qualified candidates will be required to participate in a selection process that entails a PET (Ph.D. Entrance Test) and an interview round.
| Specializations | Specializations | Specializations |
|---|---|---|
| Hospital Administration | Finance | Renewable Energy |
| Hospitality | Anthropology | Architecture and Planning |
| Psychology | Forensic Science | International Relation |
| Law | Chemistry | Cellular and Molecular Oncology |
| Commerce | English | Virology |
| Mass Communication | Pharmaceutical Sciences | Radiation Biology |
| Ecological Sciences | Computer Science and Engineering | Immunology |
| Bioinformatics | Materials and Devices | Rural Management |
| Natural Resources | Special Education | Fashion Management |
| Polymer Science and Technology | Biosensors | Defence and Strategic Studies |
| Remote Sensing | Physical Education | Horticulture |
| Travel and Tourism Management | Physiotherapy | Physiology |
| Economics | Mechanical and Automation Engineering | Microbial Technology |
| History | Neuroscience | Nuclear Science and Technology |
| Education | Environmental Science | Statistics |
| Fine Arts | Food Technology | Stem Cell |
| Clinical Psychology | Mathematics | Renewable Energy |
| Public Health | Electrical Engineering | Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing |
| Food and Nutrition | Sociology | Climate Change and Ecological Studies |
| Management Studies | Political Science | Aerospace Engineering |
| Competitive Intelligence | Physical and Molecular Science | Physics |
| Wildlife Sciences | Agriculture | Solar Energy |
| Microbial Biotechnology | Natural Product Studies | Information Technology |
In order to apply for the programme, candidates must first download the application form from Jawaharlal Nehru University's official website. Degree holders who have earned at least a 55 percent grade point average (or comparable grade point average) are eligible for enrollment. A national entrance exam and an interview are required for admission. The government provides a stipend of Rs. 28,000 a month to JNU Ph.D. research students.
| Specialization | Specialization |
|---|---|
| English | Environmental Science |
| Economics | History (Medieval and Modern) |
| Geography | Molecular Medicine |
| Philosophy | International Politics |
| Life Science | Persian |
| Law and Governance | Kannada |
| International Trade and Development | Canadian Studies |
| Hindi | Tamil |
| Physical Science | Science Policy |
| Arts | Political Science |
| Ancient History | Latin American Studies |
| Computer Systems | Cinema Studies |
| Sanskrit | Women Studies |
| Diplomacy and Disarmament | Comparative Politics |
| Korean | Media Studies |
| Japanese | Chemical Sciences |
| Spanish | Mathematical Studies |
| Social System | French |
| West Asian Studies | North East India Studies |
| German | South Asian Studies |
| Russian | Social Sciences |
| Management of Informal Sector | Chinese Studies |
| Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy | African Studies |
| Biotechnology | International Legal Studies |
| Urdu | Political Geography |
| Linguistics | Computational Biology and Bioinformatics |
| Population Studies | International Organisation |
| Nano Science and Technology | Arabic |
| Discrimination and Ecxclusion Studies | - |
Candidates must have earned a Master's degree or M. Phil in the relevant subjects from Delhi University or another institution of higher learning with a minimum cumulative grade point average of 55% in order to be admitted to the Ph.D. programme. The university itself administers the entrance exam (DUET), which results in the shortlisting of candidates for the interview, and this is how students are admitted to the programme.
| Streams | Streams |
|---|---|
| Commerce | German |
| Business Administration | Dermatology |
| Pharmacology | Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing |
| History | Electronics and Communication |
| Political Science | Anaesthesiology |
| Resource Management and Design Application | Pediatrics |
| Fabric and Apparel Science | Business Economics |
| English | Urdu |
| Physical Education | Russian |
| Education | Sanskrit |
| Philosophy | Punjabi |
| Anthropology | Manufacturing Process and Automation Engineering |
| Economics | Persian |
| Physical Education | Electronics |
| Library and Information Science | African Studies |
| Psychology | Radiology |
| Home Science | French/ Italian/ German/ Hispanic studies |
| Surgery | Human Development and Childhood Studies |
| Botany | Buddhist Studies |
| Social Work | Pulmonary Medicine |
| Geology | Biophysics |
| Microbiology | Pathology |
| Chemistry | Instrumentation and Control |
| Hindi | Music |
| Operational Research | Plant Molecular Biology |
| Medicine | Adult Continuing Education and Extension |
| Sociology | Environment Studies |
| Linguistics | Arabic |
| Genetics | Biochemistry |
| Community Medicine | Computer Science |
| Pulmonary Medicine | Financial Studies |
| Statistics | Physiology |
| Biomedical Sciences | Medicinal Microbiology |
| Applied Science and Humanities | - |
Candidates may also enrol in Mumbai University's PhD programme. It is a prominent public university that offers a three-year PhD programme. Candidates must hold a master's or M.Phil degree with a minimum of 55% overall from an accredited university. Additionally, candidates must have current GATE, UGC, SET, JRF ICAR, and CSIR scores.
| Specializations | Annual Average Fees |
|---|---|
| Life Science | INR 21,720 |
| Commerce | |
| English | |
| Education | |
| African Studies | |
| Marathi | |
| Sociology | |
| Library and Information Science | |
| Linguistics | |
| Philosophy | |
| Sanskrit | |
| Urdu | |
| Music | |
| Physics | |
| Persian | |
| Kannada | |
| French | |
| Arabic | |
| Biotechnology | |
| History | |
| Politics | |
| Chemistry | |
| Statistics | |
| Geography | |
| Sindhi | |
| Russian | |
| Computer Science | |
| Pali and Prakrit | |
| German |
One of India's top IITs, IIT Kharagpur is also one of the best colleges in the entire country. It was ranked fifth by the NIRF in both 2025 and 2026. There are 17 PhD programmes available at IIT Kharagpur. A minimum postgraduate CGPA of 6.5 or an overall grade point average of 60% is required to be eligible to pursue a doctorate at IIT Kharagpur.
| Specializations | Average Annual Fees |
|---|---|
| Science | INR 50,000 |
| Humanities and Social Science | |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
| Engineering and Technology | |
| Management Studies | |
| Working Professionals | |
| Quality Improvement Programme | |
| Social Sciences | |
| Architecture and Planning | |
| Rubber Technology | |
| Rural Development | |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
| Earth Science | |
| Structural Engineering | |
| Architecture | |
| Chemical Sciences | |
| Electrical Communication Engineering |
According to the QS World University Rankings, the top universities in the world that provide the best Ph.D. programmes are ranked. For the purpose of comparing and contrasting the universities, the rankings for both 2025 and 2025 are supplied.
Visit sikshapedia.com for more information.
| Universities | 2025 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) | 1 | 1 |
| Stanford University | 2 | 2 |
| Harvard University | 3 | 3 |
| California Institute of Technology - Caltech | 4 | 5 |
| University of Oxford | 5 | 4 |
| ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology | 6 | 6 |
| University of Cambridge | 7 | 7 |
| Imperial College London | 8 | 9 |
| University of Chicago | 9 | 10 |
| University College London (UCL) | 10 | 8 |
One of the top educational institutions in the world is Harvard University. Millions of applicants focused on getting accepted to this university to pursue their desired degrees. It provides a wide range of programmes in addition to doctoral courses with 8 distinct specialities. This institute charges an average course price of about INR 38 lakhs for PhD programmes.
The institution also provides full-time and part-time research programmes. The GRE or GMAT is a requirement for admission to this college. The following are the topics that applicants at this college can research: -
A top university in the globe is MIT, or Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It is a private university, and 82% of its graduates find work. According to US News, it rose to third place among National Universities in 2025. MIT is a well regarded university offering PhD programmes. There are a total of 29 unique research programmes available. For doctoral programmes at MIT, the typical course cost is about 21 lakhs. To qualify, each student must submit their GRE entrance exam results.
The PhD specializations offered in MIT are -
| Physics | Mathematics |
| Computational Science and Engineering | Doctor of Medicine |
| Brain and Cognitive Sciences | Nuclear Science and Engineering |
| Economics | Political Science |
| Finance | Marketing |
| Information Technology | Biological Engineering |
| Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship And Strategic Management | Operations Research |
| Accounting | Social and Engineering Systems |
| Transportation | Work And Employment Research |
| Economic Sociology | Medical Engineering and Medical Physics |
| Science, Technology and Society | Organization Studies |
| Anthropology | Biomedical Engineering |
| Linguistics | Civil and Environmental Engineering |
| Polymers and Soft Matter | Statistics |
| History |
According to the QS World Ranking and numerous other agencies, Oxford University is also one of the greatest universities in the world. Many experts also consider it to be the top university in the entire world. With a 15% admittance rate, it is a public research university. Oxford University boasts 45% of its students from other countries, making it worthwhile to pursue a PhD there. There are 17 research programmes available, which are listed below:
| Computer Science | Law |
| Molecular and Cellular Medicine | Modern Statistics and Statistical Machine Learning |
| Medical Sciences | Finance |
| Surgical Sciences | Management |
| Health Data Science | Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics |
| Condensed Matter Physics | Social Data Science |
| Geography and the Environment | Mathematics of Random Systems - Analysis, Modelling and Algorithms |
| Statistics | Engineering Science |
| Economics |
One of the most prestigious research institutions in the world is Stanford University, located in the state of California in the United States. When it comes to pursuing research programmes at this university, it ranks among the top 5 colleges in the world. It has earned a lot of recognition for its research programmes. Candidates at Stanford University have access to about 60 PhD courses. These specialities are available:
| Materials Science and Engineering | Applied Physics |
| Immunology | Organizational Behavior |
| Operations Information and Technology | Cancer Biology |
| Aeronautics and Astronautics | Management Science and Engineering |
| Chemical and Systems Biology | Economic Analysis and Policy |
| Bioengineering | Microbiology and Immunology |
| Computer Science | Finance |
| Marketing | Neurosciences |
| Mathematics | Biology |
| Biochemistry | Genetics |
| Religious Studies | International Comparative Education |
| Health Policy | Geological Sciences |
| Communication | Biomedical Informatics |
| Political Science | History |
| Physics | Earth System Science |
| Mechanical Engineering | Psychology |
| Political Economics | Doctor of Medicine |
| Economics | Theater and Performance Studies |
| Molecular and Cellular Physiology | Electrical Engineering |
| Chemistry | Chemical Engineering |
| Social Sciences, Humanities, and Interdisciplinary Policy Studies in Education (SHIPS) | Developmental Biology |
| Epidemiology and Clinical Research | Civil and Environmental Engineering |
| Sociology | Philosophy |
| Art History | Linguistics |
| Geophysics | Accounting |
| Statistics | Music |
| English | Anthropology |
| Biophysics | French |
| Classics | Comparative Literature |
| German Studies | Computational and Mathematical Engineering |
| East Asian Languages and Cultures | Energy Resources Engineering |
| Iberian and Latin American Cultures | Italian |
| Modern Thought and Literature | Slavic Languages and Literature |
| Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine | Structural Biology |
Many bright students from throughout the world come to Cambridge University to complete their PhDs there. With a respectable acceptance rate of 16%, it is a private university. There are 9,000 international students enrolled at this institute each year.
For admission to Cambridge University's research programmes, applicants must pass the GMAT or GRE entrance exams. It is conceivably the best university to study for a PhD. Here, candidates have access to 66 different doctoral programmes. Look below at the specialties that are provided.
| Engineering | Computer Science |
| Law | Surgery |
| Biotechnology | Business |
| Physics | Pharmacology |
| Chemistry | Genetics |
| Biological Science - EBI | Architecture |
| Biostatistics | Plant Sciences |
| Medicine | Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics |
| Chemical Engineering | Physiology, Development and Neuroscience |
| Sociology | Criminology |
| Astronomy | Oncology |
| Medical Science (CIMR) | Veterinary Medicine |
| Obstetrics and Gynaecology | Biological Anthropology |
| Earth Sciences | Materials Science and Metallurgy |
| Radiology | Automated Chemical Synthesis Enabled by Digital Molecular Technologies |
| Economics | Nuclear Energy Futures |
| Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics | Development Studies |
| History | Land Economy |
| Film and Screen Studies | Politics and International Studies |
| Theology and Religious Studies | Haematology |
| Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic | Antarctic Studies |
| Archaeology | Public Health and Primary Care |
| Paediatrics | Computation, Cognition and Language |
| Geography | Pathology |
| Clinical Biochemistry | Philosophy |
| Asian and Middle Eastern Studies | Psychiatry |
| Psychology | History and Philosophy of Science |
| History of Art | Education |
| American Literature | Music |
| Classics | Linguistics - Theoretical and Applied Linguistics |
| Multi-disciplinary Gender Studies | French |
| Latin American Studies | Slavonic Studies |
| Polar Studies | Mathematics of Information (CDT) |
Students who pursue a PhD can select from a variety of PhD Jobs. Following completion of a PhD, some of the most sought-after career options are listed below. Visit sikshapedia.com for more information.
| How to Become a Professor | How to Become an Associate Professor |
| Job Profile | Job Description | Average Salary |
|---|---|---|
| University Professor | A professor helps the students and guides them with their studies, researches etc. Their main role is to teach academic and vocational subjects | INR 6-10 LPA |
| Market Research Analyst | A Market Research Analyst will have the competence of gathering and analysing large amounts of data and comprehending the findings in a comprehensive way. | INR 9-12 LPA |
| Start-Up Mentors | They provide their perspective on the direction that a startup may take and they also advise on new ideas | INR 6 LPA |
| Authors | Authors holding a PhD degree write about the subject that interests readers and which they have done their specializations and researches | INR 9 LPA |
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